The story "Yushka" A. The author talks with readers about the origin of good and evil and the presence of these opposing concepts in society.
With the help of this story, Platonov touches and raises moral questions and problems that exist in society. Relations between people, human indifference, bullying, humiliation, cruelty - all this the writer depicts throughout the work.
The main character of Platonov’s story is Yushka, a kind, kind-hearted man, loving people and everything living, but living in an evil and cruel world. On the example of his life, the relationship of people to him and his death, the author speaks of a shortage of love, kindness, compassion and mercy in society.
From the history of writing
The story of "Yushka" A. For a long time, the texts of Platonov were hardly published, because they were forbidden.
In that difficult reactionary period for the country, when people were arrested, exiled to camps, shot, it was difficult to talk about kindness and compassion. And the image of a merciful, miserable and malacholny character, having an unattractive appearance, unacceptable by society, meekly enduring all cruelty, ridicule, mockery, was not interesting and not needed.
But Platonov even in that difficult time understood that only good can be opposed to evil, and it must be real, without fists.
Genre and meaning of the title of the story
Platonov's work “Yushka” refers to a realistic trend in literature, although some generalization of the characters in the story indicates its similarity to a parable.
In the title of the story appears a diminutive form of the name Efim. That is the name of the main character - Efim Dmitrievich. But because of his meekness, weakness, pain, defenselessness, those around him call him Yushka, they even forgot the real name of the hero.
"Yushka" - this word from the local dialect of Russian southerners has 2 meanings: 1. Liquid stew. 2. Blood.
Platonov puts both meanings in the title of the story. The first is that the hero is soft, not having a clear form, like a liquid. Assuming a second meaning, the author predicts that the hero will have to go through a difficult and painful path, suffering from human cruelty.
The essence of the story, the characteristics of the protagonist
The story "Yushka" tells of a sick and aged assistant blacksmith Yushka. The portrait of his appearance is more repulsive than attractive. The author draws a weak man, exhausted, exhausted by the consumption that tormented him. He is 40 years old, and he looked like an old man. He was not of this world, even his eyes were not like those of everyone, but white, like those of a blind man.
From year to year he wears the same clothes, saves on his food. He loves nature, every blade of grass, a flower, loves people and does not notice the evil of adults and children around him.
For the fact that Yushka is not like the others, as well as for his defenselessness, weakness, malice, kindness, his people do not like others and scoff at him in every way. Yushka is chased and beaten by children, offended by drunk or embittered adults. He takes it all unrequitedly and meekly. As a result, the hero dies.
Themes and problems of the story
In his story, the author raises the problems of morality, morality, humanism and mercy in society. The work traces the themes of good and evil, love and hostility, compassion and cruelty, self-sacrifice.
The problems of the story reveal the opposition of good and evil, human indifference and bitterness, and the author also touches on the hard and bleak life of people, which made them so, their indifference and indifference.
In the process of this confrontation, good perishes, but then is reborn with the advent of an orphan girl, the adopted daughter of Yushka, whom he raised and learned.
A. Platonov's story “Yushka” teaches us to be merciful, compassionate, accept people with all their shortcomings, and be tolerant of each other.
